Production of preparations for oiling fibrous materials



. duction of- Patented June 2, '1931 MARTIN LUTHER, OF MANNHEIM, AND HANS BELLER, F LUDWIGSHAFEN-ON-THE- -RHINE, GERMANY, ASSIGNORS TO I. G. FARBENINDUSTRIE AKTIENGESELLSCHAFT,

OF FRANKFORT-ON-THE-MAIN, GERMANY, A CORPORATION OF GERMANY PRODUCTION OF IEREPARATIONS FOB OILING FIBROUS MATERIALS No Drawing. Application filed July 8, 1929,'Seria1 No. 376,850, and in Germany August 6, 1928.

The present invention relates to the propreparations for oiling fibrous materials. 1 Y 1 The preparations hitherto employed for oiling textile materials, such as in softening or oiling wool, oiling onspinning', in making shoddy, in fulling and similar textile processes, usually consist of, or contain, olein or crude oleic acid. The products, however, are usually obtained by a simple saponification and distillation and consequently contain more or less of stearin which considerably reduces the resistance to cold and fluidity. Such oils, and especially those which have been drying oils and the like, also show to resinify so that, for example,

produced from train oil, atendency in making shoddy the single parts of the machines em-- ployed thereforebecome smeared and sticky.

The said naturalproducts-consist mainly of oleic acid containing 18 carbon atoms and contain sometimes hypogaeic acid containing 16 carbon atoms and possess a rather high viscosity. Other oils which possess a little lower viscosity and would be more advantageous in the aforesaid processes often con tain acids which contain more unsaturated linkages but their use is attended with the danger of leadingto spontaneous ignition by oxidation, for example, in the case of oiled shoddy which is usually stored with a content of from 8 to 12 per cent of olein. Furthermore, the said oils of lower viscosity are difficulty available, the only oil available in ample quantities being olein or oleic acid.

We have found that these drawbacks can be entirely avoided by preparing the oily agents required for the aforesaid and the like purposes by combining an alkaline agent, such as ammonia or an alkali metal hydroxide or a solution thereof with the mixtures of unsaturated acids obtained from the oxidation products of high molecular organic compounds, such as paraifin' hydrocarbons, waxes, and the like, or from the acids separated therefrom or mixtures thereof with their esters and lactones of the same, by splitting out'water, for example, by a distillation of the portion, insoluble in petroleum ether of the said oxidation products.

The quantity employed of alkaline agent may vary depending on the desired application of the oiling agents. For use in making shoddy, for, example, a very small quantity only of alkaline agent may be employed or it may be dispensed with altogether. The properties of these acids approximate to some degree to those of olein, they solidify however only at about 0 C. and they possess a lower viscosity than olein so that a very economical use is granted; they are of pale color and completely clear. at ordinary temper: atures, they can be readily emulsified by means of very small quantities of basic agents and be easily dissolved with the aid of an about equivalent quantity of a basic agent, they exhibit no tendency to resinify or become sticky, and even when in a state of very fine distribution on the fibres they are not liable to catch fire. The saponification value varies between 190 and 220, and the iodine value between 70 and 90, which, moreover, can be varied according to any special requirement by suitable Variations in the production of the unsaturated acids. On the other hand the said products can be produced in a continually constant quality and are particularly well adapted, for example, for various purposes of the textile industry, for the manufacture of softening oils, spinning oils and the like, for the manufacture of textile soaps and any similar preparations hitherto prepared by means of olein, oleic acid and the like The aforesaid products can be employed also in conjunction with the aforesaid compounds or with the mixtures of carboxylic acids obtainable in the oxidation of hydrocarbons and the like.

The following example will further illustrate the nature of this invention, but the invention is not restricted to this example. The parts are by weight.

Example I 300 C. the hydroxy fatty acids produced by the oxidation of parafiin wax and separated by pressing, which said unsaturated acids are preferably employed in the form of an emulsion with water and a small quantity of ammonia. The further working up of the threads, for example carding and scraping are considerably facilitated by this treatment. Before spinning, the unsaturated acids which have been added can be removed from the wool yarn by passage through a soap bath at 40 C. which contains sodium carbonate and ammonia.

Vhat we claim is 1. A preparation for oiling fibrous materials 'comprising a mixture of unsaturated carboxylic acids obtained by splitting ofiwater from an oxidation product of high molecular organic compounds, and an alkaline agent.

2. A preparation for oiling fibrous materials comprising a mixture of unsaturated carboxylic/acids obtained by splitting olf water from the acid portion of an oxidation product of high molecular organic compounds, and an alkaline agent;

3. A preparation for oiling fibrous materials comprising a mixture of unsaturated carboxylic acids obtained by splitting ofi water from the acid portion, insoluble in petroleum ether, of an oxidation product of high molecular organic compounds, and an' alkaline agent.

4. A preparation for oiling fibrous materials comprising a mixture of unsaturated carboxylic acids obtained by splitting off water from an oxidation product of high molecular organic compounds, and a very small quantity of an alkaline agent.

5. A preparation for oiling fibrousmatean alkaline rials comprising a mixture of unsaturated carboxylic acids obtained by splitting ofi water from the acid portion insoluble in petroleum ether, of an oxidation product of paraffin wax, and an alkaline agent.

In testimony whereof we have hereunto set our hands.

MARTIN LUTHER. HANS BELLER.

rials comprising a mixture of unsaturated carboxylic acids obtained by splitting off water from the acid portion of an oxidation product of high molecular organic compounds, and a very small quantity of an alkaline agent. 5

6. A preparation for oiling fibrous materials comprising a mixture of unsaturated carboxylic acids obtained by splitting ofi water from the acid portion, insoluble in petroleum ether, of an oxidation product of high molecular organic compounds and a very small quantity of an alkaline agent.

\ 7. A preparation for oiling fibrous materials comprising a mixture of unsaturated carboxylic acids obtained by splitting ofi'water from an oxidation product of high molecular organic compounds, an alkaline agent ,and water.

8. A preparation for oiling fibrous .materials comprising a mixture of unsaturated carboxylic acids obtained by s litting oif water from the acid portion 0 an oxidation product of high molecular organic compounds, an alkaline agent and water..

9. A preparation for oiling fibrous materials comprising a mixture of unsaturated carboxyiic acids obtained by splitting ofi Waof an oxidation product of high 

